Numeric Data Types in Python
Python provides several built-in numeric data types to handle various kinds of numerical data. These data types are primarily used for arithmetic operations and to perform mathematical calculations.
1. Integer (int
)
Integers are whole numbers that can be positive, negative, or zero, without a fractional part.
Example:
# Declaring integer variables
a = 10
b = -5
c = 0
# Performing arithmetic operations
sum_ab = a + b # Addition
diff_ab = a - b # Subtraction
prod_ab = a * b # Multiplication
quot_ab = a // b # Floor Division
print("Sum:", sum_ab)
print("Difference:", diff_ab)
print("Product:", prod_ab)
print("Quotient:", quot_ab)
Output:
2. Float (float
)
Float represents real numbers that contain a decimal point. They are used for representing fractional values.
Example:
# Declaring float variables
x = 10.5
y = -3.2
z = 0.0
# Performing arithmetic operations
sum_xy = x + y # Addition
diff_xy = x - y # Subtraction
prod_xy = x * y # Multiplication
quot_xy = x / y # Division
print("Sum:", sum_xy)
print("Difference:", diff_xy)
print("Product:", prod_xy)
print("Quotient:", quot_xy)
Output:
3. Complex (complex
)
Complex numbers consist of a real part and an imaginary part. In Python, they are written in the form a + bj
, where a
is the real part and b
is the imaginary part.
Example:
# Declaring complex variables
p = 2 + 3j
q = 1 - 4j
# Performing arithmetic operations
sum_pq = p + q # Addition
diff_pq = p - q # Subtraction
prod_pq = p * q # Multiplication
quot_pq = p / q # Division
print("Sum:", sum_pq)
print("Difference:", diff_pq)
print("Product:", prod_pq)
print("Quotient:", quot_pq)
Output:
Conclusion
Python's numeric data types provide a robust way to handle various types of numerical data. Understanding how to use int
, float
, and complex
types effectively is crucial for performing mathematical operations and numerical computations in Python.
By practicing the examples provided, you can gain a deeper understanding of how these numeric data types work and how to apply them in your Python programs.